What are two common methods of controlling weeds in specialty crops?

Mulching and mechanical cultivation are two widely recognized and effective methods for controlling weeds in specialty crops.

Mulching involves applying a layer of organic or inorganic material on the soil surface around the crops. This practice helps suppress weed growth by blocking sunlight needed for seed germination and plant growth, while also helping to retain soil moisture and improve soil health. Organic mulches can further contribute to the soil's nutrient profile as they decompose.

Mechanical cultivation refers to the physical removal of weeds using tools or equipment. It disrupts the weed's physical presence, uprooting the plants and disturbing their growth cycle. This method is particularly suitable for crops where manual weeding is impractical or insufficient to manage larger weed populations.

In contrast, other options such as planting flowers primarily aim to enhance biodiversity and attract beneficial insects, rather than directly controlling weeds. Watering and pest control focus on managing the water supply and protecting crops from pests, which does not directly address weed populations. Crop rotation can help manage soil health and certain pests but is not primarily a method for weed control and soil depletion refers to the degradation of soil health, which is generally undesirable for any crop management strategy.