What is the ability of negatively charged particles in soil to attract cations called?

The ability of negatively charged particles in soil to attract cations is known as cation exchange capacity. This concept refers to the capacity of the soil to hold onto cations (positively charged ions) by utilizing the negatively charged surfaces of soil particles, particularly clay and organic matter. Cations are essential nutrients for plants, such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and their availability to plants hinges on the soil's ability to retain these nutrients through electrostatic attractions.

Cation exchange capacity is a critical indicator of soil fertility, as soils with higher cation exchange capacities can hold more nutrients for plant uptake. This process plays a significant role in nutrient cycling and availability within the soil-plant system, ultimately influencing plant growth and health. Understanding cation exchange capacity helps in determining agricultural practices such as fertilization and soil amendments to optimize crop production.