Which of the following is an alternative pest control method for specialty crops?

Biological control using natural predators is an effective alternative pest control method for specialty crops because it leverages the natural ecosystem to manage pest populations. This approach involves introducing or encouraging natural enemies of pests, such as predators, parasitoids, or pathogens that specifically target harmful organisms. This method can reduce reliance on chemical pesticides, minimize environmental impact, and support sustainable agricultural practices.

Using natural predators helps maintain a balance in the ecosystem, allowing crops to grow with reduced pest pressures. Unlike chemical pesticides, which can have broad-spectrum effects and contribute to pest resistance, biological control specifically targets pests and can be a long-term solution for pest management.

The other methods mentioned do not qualify as effective alternative pest control strategies. Encouraging weed growth does not provide direct pest control and may exacerbate pest issues. Relying on chemical pesticides as a first resort contradicts the principles of sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management, which value fewer chemicals. Mechanical tilling of the soil, while beneficial for soil health and weed control, does not specifically target pests, making it less effective as a standalone alternative pest control method.